2, 1939, he signed a letter addressed to President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, warning that the Nazis might be developing nuclear weapons. He was not the only refugee scientist to land on American shores, but his influence dwarfed the others.Īs war approached, Einstein, a lifelong pacifist, did something out of character and out of necessity. Einstein, whose special theory of relativity had been published in 1905, had achieved international fame, even if - as he quipped - no one really understood why. One of the new arrivals is Albert Einstein, who arrived in 1933 and several years later became a naturalized citizen, taking the oath of allegiance in Trenton, N.J.Įinstein’s entry to the United States was smoothed by his having already received a Nobel Prize in physics, even if his work was dismissed as mere “Jewish physics” by another Nobel Laureate, Philipp Lenard, who served as Chief of Aryan Physics for the Third Reich. As the Nazis seize power and stamp down their jackboots on Jewish communities and left-leaning intellectuals throughout Europe, many flee to the United States. This is not the U.S.-Mexican border in 2019, but Ellis Island in the 1930s. But first, they are held, sometimes in appalling conditions, until processed by immigration authorities. ![]() ![]() Others seek the ever-elusive American dream. Some, in fear for their lives, seek asylum from brutal regimes. Chaos reigns at the border as the United States confronts a massive influx of immigrants.
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